The papers

Every star in this catalog links to its sources. This is what those sources look like as one body of work: 74 arXiv papers, and how often the rest of the field has cited each one back. It is the shortest route from "that sounds interesting" to the actual research.

Citation counts from the Semantic Scholar Graph API, read 2026-11-02 and refreshed weekly.

74papers in the catalog

264kcitations of them, in total

40kof those judged influential

679median citations per paper

2016–2026publication years covered

Where to start

The twelve most-cited, which is a reasonable reading order for anyone new to the field. Bear in mind that a 2017 paper has had eight years to accumulate what a 2025 paper has had months for, so this ranks foundations, not importance.

Mask R-CNN 34k · 2017 RoBERTa 32k · 2019 LLaMA 22k · 2023 Llama 3 / 3.1 / 3.2 / 3.3 21k · 2024 Llama 2 19k · 2023 Segment Anything 17k · 2023 BART 14k · 2019 DINOv2 12k · 2023 fastText 11k · 2016 DINO 11k · 2021 wav2vec 2.0 9.8k · 2020 XLM-R 9.8k · 2019

All 74 papers

Sort by any column; filter by constellation or search the titles. Paper titles open on arXiv, project names open that project's page here.

74 papers

		Constellation		Venue
Mask R-CNN	Mask R-CNN	Vision	2017		33,790	4447
RoBERTa: A Robustly Optimized BERT Pretraining Approach	RoBERTa	Language & LLMs	2019	arXiv.org	32,372	6328
LLaMA: Open and Efficient Foundation Language Models	LLaMA	Language & LLMs	2023	arXiv.org	22,456	2297
The Llama 3 Herd of Models	Llama 3 / 3.1 / 3.2 / 3.3	Language & LLMs	2024		20,541	3731
Llama 2: Open Foundation and Fine-Tuned Chat Models	Llama 2	Language & LLMs	2023	arXiv.org	18,886	2332
Segment Anything	Segment Anything	Vision	2023	IEEE International Conference on C	16,654	2186
BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-training for Natural Language Generation, Translation, and Comprehension	BART	Language & LLMs	2019	Annual Meeting of the Association	13,542	2499
DINOv2: Learning Robust Visual Features without Supervision	DINOv2	Vision	2023	Trans. Mach. Learn. Res.	11,794	1691
Enriching Word Vectors with Subword Information	fastText	Open Source Infra	2016	Transactions of the Association fo	11,227	1085
Emerging Properties in Self-Supervised Vision Transformers	DINO	Vision	2021	IEEE International Conference on C	10,855	1785
wav2vec 2.0: A Framework for Self-Supervised Learning of Speech Representations	wav2vec 2.0	Speech & Sound	2020	Neural Information Processing Syst	9,848	3514
Unsupervised Cross-lingual Representation Learning at Scale	XLM-R	Language & LLMs	2019	Annual Meeting of the Association	9,773	1914
OPT: Open Pre-trained Transformer Language Models	OPT-175B	Language & LLMs	2022	arXiv.org	5,143	544
SAM 2: Segment Anything in Images and Videos	SAM 2	Vision	2024	International Conference on Learni	4,746	698
Code Llama: Open Foundation Models for Code	Code Llama	Language & LLMs	2023	arXiv.org	3,722	408
fairseq: A Fast, Extensible Toolkit for Sequence Modeling	fairseq	Language & LLMs	2019	North American Chapter of the Asso	3,533	296
Make-A-Video: Text-to-Video Generation without Text-Video Data	Make-A-Video	Generative Media	2022	International Conference on Learni	2,249	111
Ego4D: Around the World in 3,000 Hours of Egocentric Video	Ego4D	World Models & Embodied AI	2021	Computer Vision and Pattern Recogn	2,206	297
No Language Left Behind: Scaling Human-Centered Machine Translation	No Language Left Behind	Speech & Sound	2022	arXiv.org	2,160	188
VGGT: Visual Geometry Grounded Transformer	VGGT	Vision	2025	Computer Vision and Pattern Recogn	2,132	535
ImageBind One Embedding Space to Bind Them All	ImageBind	Vision	2023	Computer Vision and Pattern Recogn	1,897	242
DINOv3	DINOv3	Vision	2025		1,883	336
Self-Supervised Learning from Images with a Joint-Embedding Predictive Architecture	I-JEPA	World Models & Embodied AI	2023	Computer Vision and Pattern Recogn	1,532	184
Llama Guard: LLM-based Input-Output Safeguard for Human-AI Conversations	Purple Llama	Safety & Trust	2023	arXiv.org	1,515	230
SAM 3: Segment Anything with Concepts	SAM 3	Vision	2025	arXiv.org	1,386	223
GAIA: a benchmark for General AI Assistants	GAIA Benchmark	Safety & Trust	2023	arXiv.org	1,386	226
Accelerating 3D deep learning with PyTorch3D	PyTorch3D	Vision	2019	SIGGRAPH Asia 2020 Courses	1,221	92
Galactica: A Large Language Model for Science	Galactica	Language & LLMs	2022	arXiv.org	1,135	95
Chameleon: Mixed-Modal Early-Fusion Foundation Models	Chameleon	Vision	2024	arXiv.org	1,029	112
V-JEPA 2: Self-Supervised Video Models Enable Understanding, Prediction and Planning	V-JEPA 2	World Models & Embodied AI	2025	arXiv.org	1,016	145
The Faiss Library	faiss	Open Source Infra	2024	IEEE Transactions on Big Data	994	57
The Open Catalyst 2020 (OC20) Dataset and Community Challenges	Open Catalyst Project	AI for Science	2020	ACS Catalysis	926	92
Training Large Language Models to Reason in a Continuous Latent Space	Coconut	Language & LLMs	2024	arXiv.org	876	167
Simple and Controllable Music Generation	AudioCraft	Speech & Sound	2023	Neural Information Processing Syst	870	111
Scaling Speech Technology to 1, 000+ Languages	Massively Multilingual Speech	Speech & Sound	2023	Journal of machine learning resear	819	142
Movie Gen: A Cast of Media Foundation Models	Movie Gen	Generative Media	2024		714	56
Ego-Exo4D: Understanding Skilled Human Activity from First- and Third-Person Perspectives	Ego-Exo4D	World Models & Embodied AI	2023	Computer Vision and Pattern Recogn	679	84
Voicebox: Text-Guided Multilingual Universal Speech Generation at Scale	Voicebox	Speech & Sound	2023	Neural Information Processing Syst	638	70
Better & Faster Large Language Models via Multi-token Prediction	Multi-token prediction	Language & LLMs	2024	International Conference on Machin	452	49
ParlAI: A Dialog Research Software Platform	ParlAI	Open Source Infra	2017	Conference on Empirical Methods in	414	40
MobileLLM: Optimizing Sub-billion Parameter Language Models for On-Device Use Cases	MobileLLM	On-Device & Silicon	2024	International Conference on Machin	355	24
Habitat 3.0: A Co-Habitat for Humans, Avatars and Robots	Habitat	World Models & Embodied AI	2023	International Conference on Learni	354	92
SAM 3D: 3Dfy Anything in Images	SAM 3D (Objects + Body)	Vision	2025	arXiv.org	332	77
Decoding speech perception from non-invasive brain recordings	Brain & AI: Decoding Perception from MEG/EEG	AI for Science	2022	Nature Machine Intelligence	327	45
UMA: A Family of Universal Models for Atoms	UMA — Universal Models for Atoms	AI for Science	2025	Neural Information Processing Syst	323	48
Emu: Enhancing Image Generation Models Using Photogenic Needles in a Haystack	Emu	Generative Media	2023	arXiv.org	322	13
Sapiens: Foundation for Human Vision Models	Sapiens	Vision	2024	European Conference on Computer Vi	321	49
BlenderBot 3: a deployed conversational agent that continually learns to responsibly engage	BlenderBot	Language & LLMs	2022	arXiv.org	309	24
Emu Video: Factorizing Text-to-Video Generation by Explicit Image Conditioning	Emu Video & Emu Edit	Generative Media	2023	European Conference on Computer Vi	299	12
SeamlessM4T: Massively Multilingual&Multimodal Machine Translation	SeamlessM4T & the Seamless family	Speech & Sound	2023		244	32
Combining Deep Reinforcement Learning and Search for Imperfect-Information Games	ReBeL	Games & Strategy	2020	Neural Information Processing Syst	211	17
Audiobox: Unified Audio Generation with Natural Language Prompts	Audiobox	Speech & Sound	2023	arXiv.org	197	13
Byte Latent Transformer: Patches Scale Better Than Tokens	Byte Latent Transformer	Language & LLMs	2024	arXiv.org	196	21
Open Materials 2024 (OMat24) Inorganic Materials Dataset and Models	Open Materials 2024	AI for Science	2024	arXiv.org	185	15
SpiRit-LM: Interleaved Spoken and Written Language Model	Spirit LM	Speech & Sound	2024	Transactions of the Association fo	171	20
Large Concept Models: Language Modeling in a Sentence Representation Space	Large Concept Models	Language & LLMs	2024	arXiv.org	130	13
The Open Molecules 2025 (OMol25) Dataset, Evaluations, and Models	Open Molecules 2025	AI for Science	2025		130	10
ELF OpenGo: An Analysis and Open Reimplementation of AlphaZero	ELF OpenGo	Games & Strategy	2019	International Conference on Machin	123	13
PARTNR: A Benchmark for Planning and Reasoning in Embodied Multi-agent Tasks	PARTNR	World Models & Embodied AI	2024	arXiv.org	112	22
From Audio to Photoreal Embodiment: Synthesizing Humans in Conversations	audio2photoreal	Reality Labs Research	2024	Computer Vision and Pattern Recogn	108	17
CWM: An Open-Weights LLM for Research on Code Generation with World Models	Code World Model	Language & LLMs	2025	arXiv.org	88	13
Meta Large Language Model Compiler: Foundation Models of Compiler Optimization	Meta LLM Compiler	On-Device & Silicon	2024	arXiv.org	78	2
VL-JEPA: Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture for Vision-language	VL-JEPA	World Models & Embodied AI	2025	arXiv.org	71	4
Video Seal: Open and Efficient Video Watermarking	Video Seal	Vision	2024	arXiv.org	66	15
emg2pose: A Large and Diverse Benchmark for Surface Electromyographic Hand Pose Estimation	emg2pose	Reality Labs Research	2024	Neural Information Processing Syst	56	10
SAM Audio: Segment Anything in Audio	SAM Audio	Speech & Sound	2025	arXiv.org	55	11
Omnilingual ASR: Open-Source Multilingual Speech Recognition for 1600+ Languages	Omnilingual ASR	Speech & Sound	2025	arXiv.org	54	9
Memory Layers at Scale	Memory Layers at Scale	Language & LLMs	2024	arXiv.org	51	2
emg2qwerty: A Large Dataset with Baselines for Touch Typing using Surface Electromyography	emg2qwerty	Reality Labs Research	2024	Neural Information Processing Syst	47	9
Brain-to-Text Decoding: A Non-invasive Approach via Typing	Brain2Qwerty	AI for Science	2025	arXiv.org	44	4
MobileLLM-R1: Exploring the Limits of Sub-Billion Language Model Reasoners with Open Training Recipes	MobileLLM-R1 / R1.5	On-Device & Silicon	2025	arXiv.org	11	1
Large-scale Codec Avatars: The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Large-scale Avatar Pretraining	Codec Avatars	Reality Labs Research	2026	arXiv.org	5	0
MobileLLM-Pro Technical Report	MobileLLM-Pro	On-Device & Silicon	2025	arXiv.org	4	1
MobileLLM-Flash: Latency-Guided On-Device LLM Design for Industry Scale Deployment	MobileLLM-Flash	On-Device & Silicon	2026	Annual Meeting of the Association	2	0

Counts move, and each is a snapshot. Citation counts favour age — a 2017 paper has had years to accumulate what a 2025 paper has had months for, so compare within a year cohort rather than across the table. Influential citations is Semantic Scholar's own measure of citations where the cited paper was central to the citing one, not merely mentioned; it is an estimate, not a count of anything a human checked. Semantic Scholar's index lags publication and misses some venues, and it occasionally holds duplicate records — one paper here reads from a second record because its arXiv entry returned zero. Only papers this catalog links are counted, so this is not all of Meta's research. Source: pulse.json.